Smart Farming Implementation Strategies to Improve Water Resource Efficiency on Farmland

Joko Wibowo; Kartika Lestari; Laras Putri

Authors

Joko Wibowo Universitas Gadjah Mada Author
Kartika Lestari Universitas Gadjah Mada Author
Laras Putri Universitas Brawijaya Author

Keywords:

Smart farming, Water efficiency, Digital agriculture, Precision irrigation

Abstract

This study aims to analyze smart farming implementation strategies to improve water resource efficiency on farmland. The issue is important because conventional irrigation practices often rely on farmer intuition, fixed schedules, and limited water availability, which may lead to inefficient water use. This research employed a qualitative case study design to explore farmers’ experiences, perceptions, and adaptation strategies in using smart farming technologies. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, limited participatory observation, and documentation involving farmers, farmer group leaders, agricultural extension officers, technology providers, and local agricultural stakeholders selected through purposive and snowball sampling. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis supported by data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal four main themes: improved awareness of water efficiency, selective technology adoption based on usefulness and trust, the role of institutional and social support, and contextual adaptation of smart farming practices to local field conditions. These findings show that smart farming works effectively when digital tools are aligned with farmers’ knowledge, technical support, and local agricultural routines. The study contributes to socio-technical perspectives on digital agriculture and offers practical insights for designing inclusive, affordable, and sustainable smart farming programs. Future research should compare different agricultural regions, crop types, and irrigation systems to strengthen broader understanding of smart farming adoption.

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