Strengthening Digital-Based Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) Systems to Support Food Supply Chain Traceability
Keywords:
Digital HACCP, Food Safety, Food Supply Chain, TraceabilityAbstract
This study aims to examine the strengthening of digital-based Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems to support food supply chain traceability. The issue is important because conventional HACCP practices often rely on manual records, fragmented documentation, and delayed verification, which can weaken food safety control and product tracking. This research used a qualitative case study approach involving HACCP team leaders, quality assurance staff, production managers, warehouse officers, operators, suppliers, and distribution actors selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, limited participant observation, and documentation review, then analyzed using thematic analysis supported by the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal five main themes: improved critical control point monitoring, traceability as shared responsibility, gaps between technology availability and user readiness, the role of food safety culture, and the need for data integration across the supply chain. These findings show that digital HACCP improves access to food safety data, but its effectiveness depends on disciplined data entry, worker competence, clear procedures, and coordination among supply chain actors. The study contributes to a socio-technical understanding of digital HACCP by linking food safety management, traceability governance, and organizational readiness. The findings imply that food businesses and regulators should support gradual implementation, continuous training, internal audits, and integrated traceability systems. Future studies may develop a maturity model for digital HACCP in developing-country food supply chains.
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