Policy Assessment of Blockchain Implementation for Enhancing Transparency and Security in Land Registration Systems

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of blockchain technology in enhancing transparency and security in land registration systems, addressing persistent issues such as data manipulation, corruption, and ownership disputes. A qualitative case-study  design was employed to explore the socio-technical dynamics of blockchain adoption in public administration. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis involving key stakeholders, including government officials, technical staff, and service users, selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The findings reveal four main themes: (1) increased transparency and accountability through immutable audit trails, (2) strengthened data security and public trust, (3) multidimensional implementation challenges related to infrastructure, human resources, and regulatory frameworks, and (4) the critical role of institutional readiness and public acceptance in ensuring successful adoption. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of blockchain as a socio-technical innovation, emphasizing that its effectiveness depends not only on technological capabilities but also on institutional and social contexts. The study concludes that a holistic approach—integrating regulatory support, capacity building, infrastructure development, and participatory communication strategies—is essential for sustainable implementation. The results offer theoretical contributions to digital governance studies and practical implications for policymakers in optimizing blockchain adoption. Future research is recommended to adopt comparative and mixed-method approaches to enhance generalizability and deepen insights into public sector digital transformation.